Applications and effects of stetrol in gynecological practice
Keywords:
TERAPIA HORMONAL; ESTETROL; GINECOLÓGICO; GESTACIÓN., HORMONAL THERAPY; ESTETROL; GYNECOLOGICAL; PREGNANCY.Abstract
This study covers information on estetrol (E4), an endogenous estrogen synthesized exclusively by the fetal liver during gestation, reaching significant concentrations in the maternal circulation through placental exchange. Its recent laboratory synthesis has sparked renewed interest in gynecological research, given its high bioavailability and long half-life when administered orally to women. Preclinical research has shown that estetrol exhibits selective affinity for estrogen receptors, with preference for the ERα subtype, thus differentiating it from ethinylestradiol and 17β-estradiol. Furthermore, it has been determined that it does not interact with sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), thereby preventing stimulation of its production. Studies in animal models have shown that estetrol exerts estrogenic effects on key organs such as the vagina, uterus, mammary glands, and cardiovascular system, without inducing endometrial proliferation, suggesting a promising safety profile. These characteristics have prompted clinical research to evaluate its therapeutic potential in gynecological conditions, including contraception and hormone therapy. However, the exact physiological role of estetrol in human fetal development remains under study and requires further scientific exploration.
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