Characterization of patients with intraparenchymal hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease treated at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery

Abstract

Introduction: intracerebral hemorrhage represents 10 to 15% of all strokes, and depending on its location, it can be intraparenchymal or intraventricular.

Objective: to characterize patients diagnosed with intraparenchymal hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery.

Method: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in patients diagnosed with intraparenchymal hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery of Cuba between January 2017 and December 2019. The variables age, sex, skin color, toxic habits, personal pathological history, status at admission, extension to ventricle, location, affected cerebral hemisphere and associated cerebral edema. Descriptive statistics were used.

Results: patients in adulthood (53,5 %), male (64,2 %) and white skin color (85,7 %) predominated; as well as smoking (28,5 %). A higher frequency was observed in patients with hypertension (50 %) and in a conscious state upon admission (82,1 %). 60,7 % did not have ventricular extension. Thalamic intraparenchymal hemorrhages were the most frequent (21,4 %). The most affected cerebral hemisphere was the right (60,7 %). A greater number of patients with associated cerebral edema was observed (85,7 %).

Conclusions: hemorrhage occurred more frequently in adult, male and white-skinned patients. The personal history of arterial hypertension was found in most of the cases; showing a predominance of presentations in right structures and associated cerebral edema.