Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with tumors of the digestive system
Keywords:
Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Gastrointestinal Neoplasms, AcanthosisNigricans, Digestive system, Lambert-Eaton Miasthenic Syndrome, ThrombophlebitisAbstract
Introduction: paraneoplastic syndromes are sets of signs and symptoms affecting cancer patients, which do not depend directly on the tumor.
Objective: to describe paraneoplastic syndromes associated with digestive system tumors.
Methods: a search for information was carried out in the PubMed/MEDLINE and ScienceDirect databases. The search terms used were: “neoplasias gastrointestinales”, “gastrointestinal neoplasms”, “síndrome paraneoplásico”, “paraneoplastic syndrome”, “sistema digestivo”, “digestive system”, through Boolean operators. Thirty bibliographic references were reviewed.
Development: in digestive neoplasms, dermatological syndromes are the most common, and include acanthosis nigricans, seborrheic dermatosis, pruritus, pityriasis rubra, and acrokeratosis of Bazex, among others. Endocrinological (hypercalcemia, hypoglycemia, thyrotoxicosis), hematological (polycythemia, thrombophlebitis, anemia) and neurological (myasthenic Lambert-Eaton syndrome, neuropathy) paraneoplastic syndromes may also appear.
Conclusions: the early recognition and diagnosis of dermatologic, endocrine and hematologic paraneoplastic syndromes, of frequent manifestation in the course of gastrointestinal neoplasms, allows a comprehensive care of the oncologic patient and contributes to improve his/her quality of life.
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References
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23. Hariz A, Hamdi MS, Boukhris I, Cherif E. Autoimmune haemolyticanaemia in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a potential paraneoplastic presentation. BMJ Case Rep [Internet]. 2019 [citado 26/04/2021]; 12(7):e229807. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-229807
24. Arain A, Muhsen IN, Abdelrahim M. Acquired haemophilia as a paraneoplastic manifestation of pancreatic cancer. Ecancermedicalscience [Internet]. 2020 [citado 26/04/2021];14:1053. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2020.1053
25. Guilmette J, Vânia N. Paraneoplastic syndromes and other systemic disorders associated with neuroendocrine neoplasms. Sem diagnostic path [Internet]. 2019 [citado 26/04/2021]; 36(4):229-239. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semdp.2019.03.002
26. Samotij D, Maj J, Reich A. Paraneoplastic systemic sclerosis associated with colorectal carcinoma. Reumatologia [Internet]. 2018 [citado 26/04/2021]; 56(3):194-198. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.5114/reum.2018.76907
27. Rees MJ, Steinberg A, Romas E, Ford S, Roberts V, Lerino FL. Paraneoplastic systemic lupus erythematosus associated with colorectal cancer. Oxf Med Case Reports [Internet]. 2019 [citado 26/04/2021]; 2019(2):131 Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1093/omcr/omy131
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2. Pelosof LC, Gerber DE. Paraneoplastic syndromes: an approach to diagnosis and treatment. Mayo ClinProc [Internet]. 2010 [citado 26/04/2021]; 85(9):838-54. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.4065/mcp.2010.0099
3. Arreola-Valdez SA. Síndromes paraneoplásicos: revisión. Residente [Internet]. 2019 [citado 26/04/2021]; 14(1):17-26. Disponible en: https://www.medigraphic.com/cgi-bin/new/resumen.cgi?IDARTICULO=86554
4. Mattiuzzi C, Lippi G. Current cancer epidemiology. J Epidemiol Glob Health [Internet]. 2019 [citado 26/04/2021]; 9(4):217-222. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.2991/jegh.k.191008.001
5. Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, editors. Sleisenger and Fordtran's gastrointestinal and liver disease: pathophysiology, diagnosis, management. Vol 1. 11a ed. Filadelfia: Elsevier; 2021.
6. Draghici T, Negreanu L,Bratu OG, Stoian AP, Socea B, Neagu TP, et al. Paraneoplastic syndromes in digestive tumors: A review. Rom Biotechnol Lett [Internet]. 2019 [citado 26/04/2021]; 24(5):813-9. Disponible en: https://www.e-repository.org/rbl/vol.24/iss.5/9.pdf
7. Shimoda T, Koizumi W, Tanabe S, Higuchi K, Sasaki T, Nakayama N, et al. Small-cell carcinoma of the esophagus associated with a paraneoplastic neurological syndrome: a case report documenting a complete response. Jpn J Clin Oncol [Internet]. 2006 [citado 26/04/2021]; 36(2):109-12. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1093/jjco/hyi241
8. Beyer KL, Marshall JB, Diaz-Arias AA, Loy TS. Primary small-cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Report of 11 cases and review of the literature. J Clinic gastroenterol [Internet]. 1991 [citado 26/04/2021]; 13(2):135-41. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1097/00004836-199104000-00004
9. Rodríguez Páez LR, Yurgaky SJ, Otero Regino W, Faizal M. Síndromes paraneoplásicos en tumores gastrointestinales. Revisión de tema. Rev colomb Gastroenterol [Internet]. 2017 [citado 26/04/2021]; 32(3):230-44. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.155
10. Machlowska J, Baj J, Sitarz M, Maciejewski R, Sitarz R. Gastric Cancer: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Classification, Genomic Characteristics and Treatment Strategies. Int J Mol Sci [Internet]. 2020 [citado 26/04/2021]; 21(11):4012. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21114012
11. Yu Q, Li XL, Ji G. Malignant acanthosisnigricans: an early diagnostic clue for gastric adenocarcinoma. World J Surg Onc [Internet]. 2017 [citado 26/04/2021]; 15(1):208. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12957-017-1274-5
12. Shibata C, Kato J, Toda N, Imai M, Fukumura Y, Arai J, et al. Paraneoplastic dermatomyositis appearing after nivolumab therapy for gastric cancer: a case report. J medical case reports [Internet]. 2019 [citado 26/04/2021]; 13(1):1-6. Disponible en: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13256-019-2105-9
13. Oh SJ, Oh SH, Jun JY, Park JH, Lee JH, Lee DY, et al. Paraneoplastic atypical scleromyxedema with advanced gastric cancer. JAAD Case Rep [Internet]. 2017 [citado 26/04/2021]; 3(5):376-378. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdcr.2017.04.005
14. Chien TL, Rau KM, Chung WJ, Tai WC, Wang SH, Chiu YC, et al. Gastric Cancer Team. Trousseau's syndrome in a patient with advanced stage gastric cancer. World J Gastroenterol [Internet]. 2015 [citado 26/04/2021]; 21(34):10049-53 Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v21.i34.10049
15. Qu Q, Wang S, Chen S, Zhou L, Rui JA. Prognostic role and significance of paraneoplastic syndromes in hepatocellular carcinoma. Am Surg [Internet]. 2014 [citado 26/04/2021]; 80(2):191-6 Disponible en: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24480222/
16. Chen B, Feng X, Zhang J, Yapeng QI, Liang MA, Yuan W, et al. The prognostic impact of paraneoplasticerythrocytosis on patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after partial hepatectomy. Chinese Journal of Hepatobiliary Surgery [Internet]. 2018 [citado 26/04/2021]; 24(3):184-8. Disponible en: http://wprim.whocc.org.cn/admin/article/articleDetail?WPRIMID=708383&articleId=708868
17. Hu B, Sang XT, Yang XB. Paraneoplastic leukemoid reaction in a patient with sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report. World J Clin Cases [Internet]. 2019 [citado 26/04/2021]; 7(11):1330-1336 Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v7.i11.1330
18. Abbas H, Hanif S, Tariq H, Chilimuri S. Thrombocytosis as a Rare Paraneoplastic Syndrome Occurring in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report. Gastroenterology Res [Internet]. 2019 [citado 26/04/2021]; 12(2):96-99. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.14740/gr1137
19. Regino CA, López-Montoya V, López-Urbano F, Alvarez JC, Roman-Gonzalez A. Paraneoplastic Hypoglycemia in Hepatocarcinoma: Case Report and Literature Review. Cureus [Internet]. 2020 [citado 26/04/2021]; 12(12):e12013. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.12013
20. Lemaire CC, Portilho ALC, Pinheiro LV, Vivas RA, Britto M, Montenegro M, et al. Sweet syndrome as a paraneoplastic manifestation of cholangiocarcinoma: A case report. World J Clin Cases [Internet]. 2020 [citado 26/04/2021]; 8(18):4122-4127. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v8.i18.4122
21. Rahman SU, Sana MK, Tahir Z, Ali A, Shah PA. Paraneoplastic syndromes in cholangiocarcinoma. World J Hepatol [Internet]. 2020 [citado 26/04/2021]; 12(11):897-907. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.4254/wjh.v12.i11.897
22. Zalatnai A, Perjési E, Galambos E. Much More than Trousseau Syndrome. The Broad Spectrum of the Pancreatic Paraneoplastic Syndromes. Pathol Oncol Res [Internet]. 2018 [citado 26/04/2021]; 24(1):1-10. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12253-017-0206-6
23. Hariz A, Hamdi MS, Boukhris I, Cherif E. Autoimmune haemolyticanaemia in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a potential paraneoplastic presentation. BMJ Case Rep [Internet]. 2019 [citado 26/04/2021]; 12(7):e229807. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-229807
24. Arain A, Muhsen IN, Abdelrahim M. Acquired haemophilia as a paraneoplastic manifestation of pancreatic cancer. Ecancermedicalscience [Internet]. 2020 [citado 26/04/2021];14:1053. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2020.1053
25. Guilmette J, Vânia N. Paraneoplastic syndromes and other systemic disorders associated with neuroendocrine neoplasms. Sem diagnostic path [Internet]. 2019 [citado 26/04/2021]; 36(4):229-239. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1053/j.semdp.2019.03.002
26. Samotij D, Maj J, Reich A. Paraneoplastic systemic sclerosis associated with colorectal carcinoma. Reumatologia [Internet]. 2018 [citado 26/04/2021]; 56(3):194-198. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.5114/reum.2018.76907
27. Rees MJ, Steinberg A, Romas E, Ford S, Roberts V, Lerino FL. Paraneoplastic systemic lupus erythematosus associated with colorectal cancer. Oxf Med Case Reports [Internet]. 2019 [citado 26/04/2021]; 2019(2):131 Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1093/omcr/omy131
28. Kohler S, Meisel A. The Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome—an Overview. Neurology International Open [Internet] 2018 [citado 26/04/2021]; 2(01):E40-E45. Disponible en: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/1fd0/567bfe8227f218ecd5a6fa73436e20455430.pdf
29. Kartan S, Shi VY, Clark AK, Chan LS. Paraneoplastic Pemphigus and Autoimmune Blistering Diseases Associated with Neoplasm: Characteristics, Diagnosis, Associated Neoplasms, Proposed Pathogenesis, Treatment. Am J ClinDermatol [Internet]. 2017 [citado 26/04/2021]; 18(1):105-126. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-016-0235-z
30. Quimíz WLV, Véliz IVO, Vargas LNW, Salazar XPO. Tumores del estroma gastrointestinal: revisión y manejo multidisciplinario. J Americahealth [Internet] 2021 [citado 26/04/2021]; 4(1):26-35. Disponible en: http://jah-journal.com/index.php/jah/article/view/60
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Published
2021-12-28
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Vitón-Moreno R, Areces-López A. Paraneoplastic syndromes associated with tumors of the digestive system. Univ. Méd. Pinareña [Internet]. 2021 Dec. 28 [cited 2025 Apr. 15];18(3):e746. Available from: https://revgaleno.sld.cu/index.php/ump/article/view/746
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