Clinical and epidemiological characterization of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia at the Teaching Hospital "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" 1987-2018

Abstract

Introduction: chronic myeloid leukemia, also known as myelogenous or chronic granulocytic leukemia, is defined as a malignant myeloproliferative hematologic

myelogenous or chronic granulocytic leukemia, is defined as a clonal malignant myeloproliferative hematologic neoplastic disease of pluripotent stem cells classified according to the latest World Health Organization classification within the group of chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms.

Objective: to clinically and epidemiologically characterize chronic myeloid leukemia in the General Teaching Hospital "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado" of Pinar del Río, in the period 1987-2018.

Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out including patients diagnosed with CML. The sample was constituted by a total of 105 cases. Theoretical, empirical and statistical methods were taken into account to collect the information, the results were processed in a computer and were taken to tables and graphs for better study and understanding.

Results: the predominant age group was over 40 years old, with an average age of 54,68 years, and 54 % of the cases were male and 54 % female. Twenty-two cytogenetic studies were performed, resulting in 21 positive results, and 17 molecular rearrangements to BCR/ABL, resulting in 16 positive results. Hydroxyurea is the most commonly used treatment at debut and only 15 patients have been incorporated into the Imatinib protocol. Survival over 5 years was 33,3 % and over 10 years was 13,3 %.

Conclusions: it was found that it is necessary to incorporate more patients to the imatinib protocol, which would result in better responses to treatment and better overall survival rates.