Pulpal and periapical diseases in patients with systemic diseases at the “Pedro Borrás Astorga” University Polyclinic

Abstract

Introduction: pulp and periapical pathologies are frequently associated with systemic diseases.

Objective: to describe pulp and periapical diseases in patients with systemic diseases belonging to the "Pedro Borra Astorga" University Polyclinic of Pinar del Río.

Methods: an observational, descriptive and transversal study was carried out. Universe: patients of both sexes with pulpal and periapical diseases who attended the emergency department. Sample: non-probabilistic, of these patients with previous diagnosis of systemic disease. Variables: age, sex, pulp and periapical diseases, dental organ, affected quadrants and systemic diseases. Absolute and relative frequencies were used.

Results: 67,5 % of the patients belonged to the 35-59 years age group and 54,8 % to the female sex, 51,6 % manifested pulp diseases and 48,4 % periapical diseases; irreversible pulpitis (27 %) and acute apical abscess (21,4 %) were the most frequent. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension prevailed. Periapical disease predominated in diabetics (21,4 %) and apical disease in hypertensive patients (19,4 %).

Conclusions: pulp and periapical diseases predominated in the female sex and in the 35 to 59 years age group; the most frequent pulp disease was irreversible acute pulpitis. The first molars and the lower left quadrant were the most affected. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension were the most prevalent systemic diseases. Acute apical abscess and pulp necrosis prevailed in diabetics, while irreversible pulpitis and acute apical abscess were more frequent in hypertensive patients.